Abordagem multidisciplinar de pacientes obesos mórbidos submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico pelo método da banda gástrica ajustável / Multidisciplinary approach to morbidly obese patients undergoing surgical treatment by adjustable gastric banding

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o resultado do tratamento cirúrgico de pacientes obesos mórbidos pelo método da BGA, acompanhados em ambulatório multidisciplinar. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 20 pacientes com IMC que variou de 36,6 a 72 kg/m2 (X=47,51 +/- 6,1) e idade entre 36 a 60 anos, submetidos à colocação de BGA. As comorbidades encontradas no pré-operatório foram hipertensão arterial (nove), diabetes tipo II (quatro), apneia do sono grave (um), hipertrigliceridemia (quatro) e problemas ortopédicos graves (três). No seguimento pós-operatório os pacientes foram atendidos em ambulatório multidisciplinar (cirurgião, endocrinologista, psiquiatra e nutricionista). Nos primeiros seis meses, a orientação foi de visitas mensais para ajustes da banda e orientação nutricional. Após, as visitas ocorreram a cada dois ou três meses, conforme a necessidade. RESULTADOS: O tempo cirúrgico variou de 40 a 180 minutos; o de internação de 1 a 10 dias (X = 36 horas). Duas pacientes necessitaram reintervenção cirúrgica por complicações tardias: uma rotação do portal e um deslizamento superior da banda . O tempo de seguimento variou de 28 a 36 meses. A perda de peso média foi de 29,26 kg +/- 8,8, ou 24,37 por cento +/- 6,1 do peso inicial e 49,16 por cento +/- 11,3 do excesso de peso. O IMC médio variou de 47,51 para 34,88. Houve melhora global das comorbidades, mais acentuada nos pacientes com maior perda de peso. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados obtidos foram satisfatórios para a maioria dos pacientes nos quesitos perda de peso e melhora das comorbidades.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcome of the surgical treatment of morbidly obese patients by Adjustable Gastric Banding (ABG) followed in a multidisciplinary clinic. METHODS: We studied 20 patients with BMI ranging from 36.6 to 72 kg/m2 (X = 47.51 + / - 6.1) and aged between 36 to 60 years, undergoing placement of AGB. Preoperative comorbidities were hypertension (nine), type II diabetes (four), severe sleep apnea (one), hypertriglyceridemia (four) and severe orthopedic problems (three). In the post-operative period patients were followed at a multidisciplinary clinic (surgeon, endocrinologist, psychiatrist and nutritionist). In the first six months, the orientation was of monthly visits for band adjustments and nutritional counseling. After six months the visits occurred every two or three months, as needed. RESULTS: The operative time ranged from 40 to 180 minutes; hospital stay varied from one to ten days (X = 36 hours). Two patients required surgical reintervention for late complications: a rotation of the portal and a band superior slippage. Follow-up ranged from 28 to 36 months. The average weight loss was 29.26 kg +/- 8.8, or 24.37 percent +/- 6.1 of the original weight and 49.16 percent +/- 11.3 overweight. The average BMI ranged from 47.51 to 34.88. There was global improvement of comorbidities, markedly in the patients with greater weight loss. CONCLUSION: The results were satisfactory for most patients on the variables weight loss and improvement of comorbidities.

Evoluçäo clínica de pacientes com hipercolesterolemia familiar e doença coronaria submetidas a derivaçäo ileal parcial (bypass ileal) / Clinical outcome of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia and coronary artery disease undergoing partial ileal bypass surgery

Familial hypercholesterolemia is characterized by high serum levels of total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. It may be homozygous or heterozygous. In homozygous patients, LDL-cholesterol levels range from 500 to 1000mg/dL and coronary artery disease is precocious, usually manifesting itself between the 2nd and 3rd decades of life. The diagnosis is often made by the presence of xanthoma tuberosum and tendinous xanthomas that appear between the 1st and 2nd decades of life. The use of high doses of statins or even unusual procedures (apheresis, partial ileal bypass surgery, liver transplantation, gene therapy), or both, is necessary for increasing survival and improving quality of life, because a reduction in cholesterol levels is essential for stabilizing the coronary artery disease and reducing xanthomas. We report our experience with 3 patients with xanthomatous familial hypercholesterolemia and coronary artery disease, who underwent partial ileal bypass surgery. Their follow-up over the years (approximately 8 years) showed a mean 30 percent reduction in total cholesterol, with a significant reduction in the xanthomas and stabilization of the coronary artery disease